One of the conditions for comfortable country life is a reliable water supply in the cottage. Since the Central water supply for the city – a rare phenomenon, the question of establishing a system of Autonomous water supply the owner of the site is necessary to solve independently. Private home water from the well is one of the most convenient ways to ensure everyday comfort.
The contents
Types of wells: advantages and disadvantages of sources
For the arrangement of supply system from the well can be applied both sandy and artesian springs. With the help of sandy borehole easy to solve the problem of water supply in the suburban area, where water consumption does not exceed an average of 1.5 cubic meters/hour. This volume is enough for a small house.
The main advantages of the sandy hole is the speed of construction, low cost construction and the possibility of arrangement without requiring a special large-size construction machinery
But for a country cottage, where live all year round, the sand well – not the best choice. The depth of aquifers in the regeneration of such wells does not exceed 50 meters, which is not a guarantor of the purity of the water. Though the water in the sand well and is cleaner than the well, but it can contain all sorts of impurities and corrosive compounds. The reason for this is the close location to the sandy aquifers relative to surface waters. Well productivity is relatively small (on average about 500 litres), and the lifetime is small – about 10 years.
The best option artesian well, which is equipped at a depth of 100 meters or more. The main advantage of such wells is an unlimited supply of high quality water. This well is capable of producing up to 10 cubic meters/hour. This is enough to provide water to a large house. And the lifetime of such a source even when active use can exceed more than half a century.
Water, located at a considerable depth, filtered, and purified naturally. Because of this it does not contain impurities and bacteria that are harmful to the human body
If sandy wells can be drilled and equipped with his own hands, in the regeneration of artesian wells is necessary to attract specialists. Although the cost of drilling an artesian well is quite high, save on this not worth it. Charging this phase of work need professional drillers, which, depending on the composition of rocks that lie under the site and determine the aquifer and well equipped with all the rules of drilling technology. Thanks to the professional approach in the regeneration of the well you will save yourself from a number of problems the system is in the process of operation.
Equipment for arrangement of water supply system
Technology of arrangement of water from the well with my hands, depends on the depth of the source and its characteristics.
The scheme of Autonomous water supply can be developed, using the services of professionals or to take any finished version of the network
One of the key elements in the development of water system in the area is a pump, which will ensure the smooth recovery and the supply of water to the house from the well. For a construction of Autonomous well enough to set up the unit with a diameter of 3 or 4?, with additional protection from «dry run». This would prevent overheating and damage to pump when it reached the source of the minimum water level.
Technology of water from the well also provides for the installation of plastic or metal tanks — caissons, which are placed so as to have him free access, but to prevent the ingress of dirt or water from the external environment. It is necessary to connect the pump in the well and further control it in the process.
When building a water pipeline from the well to the house, the most common use of a pipe with a diameter of 25-32 mm of metal – polymer material that easily bends and has a high resistance to corrosion.
Water pipes are laid from the source to the house, buried below the level of soil freezing (at least 30-50 cm)
The arrangement of the water supply without Sewerage system, which involves the installation of a septic tank with suction chambers and the wastewater treatment system. The technology of construction of Sewerage system in detail in a separate article.
Options for Autonomous water supply from wells
Method #1 — automated pump station
Having the plot shallow wells where the water level in the source, set the pump station or hand pump. The essence of the automated system is that under the action of the submersible pump the water is pumped into a hydropneumatic tank, capacity of which may vary from 100 to 500 liters.
When working with a shallow sand bore the best option arrangement for an automated supply system that will provide uninterrupted water supply to the house
Itself water reservoir capacity divided by a rubber membrane and relays, by which regulates the water pressure in the tank. When you filled the tank the pump off if the water is consumed – a signal to switch on the pump and pumping water. This means that the pump can be operated on directly feeding water into the system, and after reducing the pressure in the system to a certain level, to replenish «stocks» hydropneumatically water in the tank. The receiver (tank) is placed in any convenient place at home, often in a utility room.
From the caisson to the place of entry of the pipe into the house paving the trench, the bottom of which lay the water pipe and electrical cable to power the pump. If possible, it is better to buy an electric heating cable which in addition to the direct purpose is to prevent water pipe from freezing.
Method #2 — install deep well pump
With this method of water deep pump pumps out water from the well to the storage tank, which is placed on an elevated point home.
Often place under the arrangement of the storage tank is withdrawn in one of the rooms on the second floor of the house or in the attic. Placing the container on the attic to prevent water freezing in the winter months, the walls of the tank should be insulated
Due to the location of the tank on the hill, creating the effect of a water tower, which due to the difference in height between the hydraulic tank and the connection point there is a pressure when 1m of water column is equal to 0.1 atmosphere. The tank can be made of stainless steel or food grade plastic. Tank volume from 500 to 1500 litres. The greater the tank volume, the greater the supply of water: in the event of a power outage it will flow by gravity to the faucet.
Setting the end float switch will provide automatic activation of the pump when lowering the water level in the tank.
Submersible pumps are used in cases when the distance to the water level in the well exceed 9 meters or more
Choosing a pump, consider the well productivity. Despite the fact that the power unit will only affect the rate of filling of the water reservoir tank, the choice of unit is better to start from the maximum water consumption in the home.
Deep pump with electric cable and pipe is lowered into the well, hanging it on a galvanized wire rope with a winch, which is installed inside the caisson. I to maintain the necessary pressure in the system and prevent pumping the water back into the well, placed above the pump check valve.
After installation of all system components, it remains only to check the internal wiring to the connection points and connect the equipment to the dashboard.
The final cost of the automatic water supply system is around 3000-5000 dollars. It depends on the depth of the source, type of pump and number of water intake points inside the house. From 30% to 50% of this amount is spent on engineering infrastructure of the system, the rest of the costs – elements that determine the level of comfort.
Useful video materials
A downhole pump and piping for domestic wells:
Assembly of pump station, borehole pump:
