Sanitation unit in the country: the most simple methods of sewage disposal

If the country house is supplied with water, naturally, you need to consider and sanitation. You will not have to carry the waste water in buckets. But as the cottages are typically used only periodically in the spring and summer or on a weekend, the owners are not interested in installing ultra-modern types of sewage, for example, stations of biological treatment, etc. They are interested in very simple options with simple installation and minimum cost. The main thing that the sewage was reliable, excluded the penetration of sewage into fertile land and did not require any special maintenance. Understand how you can install a simple drain on the country.

The contents

Common or separate Sewerage: what is more profitable?

Before you start construction, determine how you intend to treat waste water from bathroom, kitchen and toilet – in one place or in different. This will depend on the type of container in which a flow of the effluent. If approached rationally, the option of separate containers is more advantageous to the owners, because the water from kitchen, washing machine, shower, etc. can be released through the cesspool without a bottom in the ground. They are not dangerous for the soil, because the bacteria have time to process trapped drains of washing powders, shampoos etc.

Another thing – waste water with faeces. They can’t be let into the ground, because that will create yourself a lot of problems: violates the ecology of the earth, will ruin the soil in the garden, and worst of all, these impurities quietly gets into the ground water and they come back in the house as drinking water. For waste water from the toilet needed to create a sealed cesspool or a septic tank. In any case, you unprofitable, if in the pit will drain all the wastewater from the house because the capacity will quickly be filled, and will often cause the septic system to pump yourself a special fecal pump and taken to the recycling.

Sewage for waste water from kitchen and wash basin

The most simple variant local sewers – for waste water from kitchen and wash basin. It is usually mounted, if the toilet is made on the street, or the owners have installed a composting toilet.

As domestic waste water are not considered harmful, it is enough to bring them through a system of pipes to the street, where it will be buried capacity without a bottom with a filter material. Consider in what ways it can be done.

Option 1 — plastic cans

If the country to live only in the warm season, the easiest way to mount a drain of plastic cans and plastic pipes.

Materials you will need old junk cans with a lid with a volume of 45-50 litres, a conventional sewer pipe, plastic O50 mm and accessories (a couple of elbows, seals, etc.)

Consider how steps to make the country a Sewerage:

1. Find out on the street the place where you will dig in a can that the distance from it to the exit point of the sewer pipes from the basement were no more than 4 m.
2. Dig a hole a meter deep, so there could easily hold a can, and from it to dig the Foundation ditch depth of two feet.
3. Make the bottom of the pit dumping layers of sand and expanded clay.
4. Will neverlate the sides or the bottom of a can of holes not less than 1 cm in diameter (bigger is better).
5. At the end of the neck of the can, drill a hole for the entrance where to insert the pipe (just the diameter!).
6. Put the finished cans in the ditch.
7. Pwill rologia pipe around the house so that the sewage began under the sink, and the top of the riser was located at a height of 40 cm from the floor. It is necessary to create a draft pipe 4% for normal flow of water.
8. The riser is fixed on the wall over the sink using a clamp.
9. When the output pipe through the Foundation it is best to drill a hole below the ground level about 20 cm Then in the winter the pipes are not razminutsya if they stagnate water.
10. Keep the pipe at the exit from home was higher than at the entrance to the can. So you will avoid stagnant water in the pipes.
11. If you cut a hole in the cellar does not work, can be done above ground level. But it will be necessary to wrap the pipe (from the Foundation to the entrance of the cans) heat-insulating material to protect from frost.
12. PRoverte created the sewers as a stack of water and no leaks. To do this, turn on the house water and give her a few minutes to leak, and do inspect at that time all the tribes and make sure that the water has reached a can.
13. If everything is in order, can cover the trench with the pipe. First sketch 15 cm of sand, and then sprinkle ordinary ground. The surface is smoothed with a rake.
14. Perforated can fall asleep to the bottle with gravel, expanded clay or river sand.
15. On top of the filter material put tires. The exact number depends on the depth of the pit. They can fit 2-3. Look to the last tire peeking out of the soil by about half.
16. Pour between them and the land of the void with soil and seal.
17. The can, close the lid and the upper lid lay a sheet of tin, slate or wooden Board.

Option 2 — from tires

Exactly mounted drainage from tires only dig the hole slightly deeper (about 2 meters) and instead of cans stacked from the bottom to the top of the tyre. Sewer pipe cuts at the level of the top of the tyre.

Pipe hit the second from the top car tire without sealing the inlet, because the septic tank is also unsealed

Sealed cesspool of completed containers

For the fecal sewage in the country create the most airtight sanitation device, because it affects primarily the health of the inhabitants of this area. The easiest way to find a large capacity. They are sometimes blamed chemical processing plants. However, the fit and barrel from petroleum, milk tanker or machine on which it is written «Live fish». If such containers could be found, it is possible to buy ready-made manhole plastic.

If you have not purchased a finished plastic container, and used the old from fuel, be sure to treat her outside of the asphalt cement for improved waterproofing

Selection of the place for the capacity

Fecal sewage should not be near the garden. The least distance is 9 meters, and from the well or wells is 30 meters. It is advantageous to set near the edge of the area to transport it easier to pump, not driving around all the cottages.

The manhole preferably positioned so that it was easy to get vacuum the car on the track at the site, or placed directly near the entrance

Digging

Manually digging a hole for the barrel is difficult, especially if ground water is located high. Then the water will arrive faster than you can dig. Order for these goals excavator. The size of the pit should be such that the barrel fits, and on the surface of the earth had only the inlet hatch. While at the bottom, be sure to do a slight bias towards the hatch to solid particles settled in the side. Then the hose vacuum trucks them easier to capture. Together with pit, dig a trench for the laying of external sewer pipes. Definitely digging a trench so that no bending, because in places turns feces can get stuck and form plugs. If no curves is not obtained, then the bend angle should not be more than 45?.

Set capacity

The barrel is lowered into the pit with the help of a crane, and if not – call for help friends of men and, like the boatmen on the Volga, tighten her ropes. Hole to enter the sewer pipes can be cut at the top, while the barrel is not fully tightened, or after installation in the pit.

The capacity is set in the hole, not directly, but with a slight slope towards the hatch to make it easier to siphon debris from the bottom

Laying of pipes

Starting from the capacity to lay pipes to the house, keeping the gradient at 4?, and then perform the internal wiring of the sewers. When the outer pipe is installed, the trench is filled. Voids around the container filled with soil, tamping it. Put on top of the reinforced concrete plate, which will not allow the winter to push the barrel out of the frozen ground. Around the upper opening of the container pour a concrete deck, and set in her manhole.

All septic tank hides under the earth, and on the surface, is a manhole cover through which will be pumping effluent

When the local sewage system to give created, do not be lazy with his hands to make and even outside the toilet. In the summer if you are a large company, it is better to send them on need it there, thus saving on resources capacity.

The more difficult option — the device of a septic tank

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