The fence is the first thing takes care of giving the owner after construction of the house and the tabulation of communications. A sturdy fence protects from the invasion of outsiders, closes from prying eyes, beautifies the local area. And that’s not all. In addition to performing its direct functions, it plays a more symbolic role – identifies property boundaries, where one feels the absolute master. What kinds of fences are there? How to choose the right type and material depending on the needs of each owner villas?
The contents
Selection criteria of the fencing for the garden
The owners focus on their own needs, choosing the type of fence to give. Three main functions of the fence:
- the definition of the boundaries;
- the security of the property;
- decoration landscape.
All fences perform these functions to a greater or lesser extent. However, owners tend to focus on a single moment. If for the owner it is important to define the boundaries between the sections, suitable light fence or hedge of shrubs or other ornamental plantings. If special attention is paid to the issue of security, the need for a more robust and reliable fence.
In any case, it is advisable to design aesthetically pleasing and did not spoil the overall look of the local area, and ideally decorated. Well, if the fence will be easy to care for and inexpensive to repair.
For a solid fence of durable material, the owner will always feel safe
Essential material and design. For example, wood is great for creating landscape country style, wicker fence used as an important element in the design of the site in folk-style, stone and decorative brick perfect for classic and weightless in appearance openwork metal design, with floral decorations, looks very romantic.
Before the material, then it depends on him the strength, durability and practicality of the fence. In order to properly determine the functionality, the owner must objectively assess its own needs.
Low metal fencing is appropriate on the border between areas or in protected cottages
The principle of selection of structural and cladding
Fences can vary considerably among themselves, but they are all the same construction and consist of supporting elements and plating. As load-bearing structures use vertical columns and horizontal girders, designed for fixing cladding and gates. It is logical to use as cladding materials are the same, of which the house is built. However, this is not always possible since it is necessary to take into account the weather and environmental factors:
- The type of soil. Different soils in different ways is capable of holding load-bearing structures, so the supports should be chosen considering the type of soil. Depending on the support pillars and Foundation can change and the choice of material of plating.
- Wind loads. During the construction of the fence in areas where there may be strong gusts of wind, has a wind resistance. In open landscapes need to build more powerful structures than in the same climatic conditions, but in densely populated areas. Good resistance to winds have design, built on solid Foundation with cracks or gaps between the elements of the casing.
- The overall style of the site. The aesthetic component is also important, so the fence should fit in with the style of the plot. This affects the choice of design and type of plating.
Depending on the functional characteristics, two types of fences – barriers and protective structures. First you need to prevent the entry of foreign cars, care for the plot of a child or animal. It is usually small, but durable structure. Fences-protect block the access of unwanted guests and intruders. They represent a high capital structure of durable materials of stone, metal, brick. Make them taller than a man.
Fences-barriers do not perform protective functions, but define the boundaries of parcels and decorate the landscape
Legal aspects of installing fence
When choosing the type of fence to give and how to install it is necessary to consider the legal documents governing these aspects. Should focus first on SNiP 30-02-97 regulating the planning and development of territories of gardening associations, and SP 11-106-97 on the procedure of development and approval of project design documentation. Prior to construction of the fence should obtain all necessary permits from the competent state bodies. All the buildings in the suburban area should be legalized.
In accordance with the requirements of the building regulations need to draft a design so that it does not shade the neighboring plots. Part of the fence facing the street or in driveways, can be made from any materials, irrespective of their transparency. It is possible in those cases, if at a General meeting of the cottage Association was the appropriate decision. The height of the fence may be 2 m And between plots need to install a mesh or slatted fencing, the height of which should not exceed 1.5 m. Fences set at 3 m from houses and 4 from outbuildings.
Standards of construction fences between sites should be transparent. For their construction, it is possible to use polycarbonate
Types of foundations for the fences
Typically use two types of foundations – strip and pillar (columnar). The first one is preferred if you need to put a covering of solid materials. The process of its creation simple:
- The Foundation is preparing a ditch of the required depth (typically 30 cm), depends on the strength and durability of the future design.
- The bottom of the ditch covered with gravel or gravel, well moistened with water.
- In the prepared trench set reinforcement cage and the formwork. Formwork is built in such a way that a monolithic Foundation with a height of about 20-40 cm above the ground.
- Further construction grout. If you plan fencing of separate spans, then put poles at the desired distance from each other.
Design of strip Foundation under the fence remains intact regardless of the material of plating is selected
Pier Foundation suitable for fences, consisting of separate spans. His doing so:
- Calculate the quantity of posts, focusing on the total length of the fence and length of spans.
- Prepare the pit, proburivaja them in ordinary garden soil borer. A hole 20 cm in diameter drilled to a depth of 1 m.
- In the pit install the pillars, verify that the location is correct in level and is filled cement-sandy solution.
Pier foundations are well suited for the installation of the corrugated sheet, slate, mesh, netting
Variety of materials for construction of fences
As the skin of a fence can be used in virtually any material, and every year the variety is only growing. Common fences made of such materials:
- Metal. Put fences made of profiled sheet, in the form of welded, forged designs, mesh, netting, finished sections, consisting of a metal area with a tight mesh.
- Tree. Use slabs, boards, vine. The most common type of wooden fence – of the fence.
- Brick, stone, concrete. Now very popular Eurosatory to testify. This is a durable and reliable construction. Their advantage is the ease of Assembly.
- Plastic, polycarbonate. Plastic construction is not yet very common, but gradually become more and more popular.
Wooden fences – «a classic of the genre»
Fences of wood came first. They are known since ancient times and still has not lost its relevance. A wooden fence can be made in the form of a fence and perform a purely decorative function, and can look like a solid wooden wall. The fence of the vine does not need painting, it represents the boundaries of the area, but there is protection from invasion. This fence is well suited for owners who want to decorate the area in «village» style. A solid fence closes in the backyard from prying eyes and provides a good protection.
Fences of natural wood combine well with other building materials. They are environmentally friendly, no heat, pleasant to the touch, with proper care, look good. They definitely need painting or varnishing, treating anti-fungal compounds. Modern impregnation materials and varnishes to preserve the original appearance of the fence. The disadvantages of wooden fences include Flammability. Even treated with fire retardant, they can be ignited by careless handling of fire. Install them on the poles, concreted into the ground, and the transverse support.
There are many options for decorating wooden fence. One of them is drawing
Metal is a reliable material for a fence
Very popular fences made of corrugated Board. They do not require special care, looks neat and protects your local area. Design easy to assemble, and due of them can afford almost every owner testify. Fences of metal mesh, netting and finished mesh spans are indispensable for the construction of fences between plots.
They are successfully used as supports for trudging plants that adorn the local area. A very beautiful metal fences in wrought sections. They are easy to assemble: ready bays are fixed to the supports. Openwork pattern wrought iron fencing enhances the taste and aesthetic preferences of the owner villas.
Metal fences are very diverse, you can select the appropriate design in any style
The advantages of stone and brick structures
The safest, but also a massive structure made of concrete, brick and stone. These fences are extremely durable because they are not susceptible to corrosion, not afraid of moisture and temperature changes. They do not harm insects, not «takes» fire. Capital fence can withstand heavy loads without any repercussions. Another plus: they block street noise and therefore well suited to sites located far from trails and roads. The design does not require special care. You can leave them a natural color and can be dyed in the desired shade.
Increasingly in the cottages you can see the brick Eurosatory. They are of two types: decorative and protective. The first durable, but designed to perform primarily a decorative function. The second is a capital structure on a mighty Foundation, capable to protect from any external influence and intrusion. Despite the massiveness of these fences look nice. You can find ready-made designs of the original design. The minimum life of such buildings is 20-30 years, even in the most adverse conditions.
Decoration brick fence metal art forging gives the fence more respectable
Plastic and polycarbonate fences
They recently appeared on the market, but are gradually gaining popularity due to the unpredictable appearance and practicality. Plastic is durable, hygienic, not afraid of moisture, sun, breaks from the cold. Attractive appearance PVC fences provides them with the demand among our countrymen. However, while a few manufacturers able to meet him. Fencing, plastic can be any color, textures, design. They are easy to install and dismantle. Of course, PVC is not a competitor to concrete or metal for strength, but it is quite suitable for building a nice looking and fairly sturdy fence.
Traditionally, polycarbonate sheets are used to create awnings and canopies, but they can also serve as fences. They are mounted on a metal frame, if necessary combined with other materials. Obtained colored translucent design. It looks spectacular and easy to care for. In case of contamination a fence wipe with a damp cloth or rinse with water from a hose. The dirt flows easily from the surface. Cheapest polycarbonate, which is often purchased for the construction of fences, cell.
Plastic fencing is ideal for cottages. They do not require special care, and look good in any landscape
Slate recently of popular material
Talking about the popularity of slate today is not necessary. Every year less and less willing to install a fence made of this material. But recently, many owners of private villas and houses to put a slate design. If the owner of the site is not looking for aesthetics and prefer cheap and functional fence, this option will fully satisfy his needs.
The benefits of slate include low cost, opacity, ease of installation durability and resistance to external influences. Disadvantages: harmful to the health of the asbestos in the composition of the material, the instability of a spot-kick, unattractive appearance. The fence will close the area from prying eyes, become an obstacle to «escape» Pets but pleasing to the eye will not.
The fence is made from a wave and flat slate. Both types of material have similar shortcomings
Video tutorial: building a fence yourself
Design and materials for the manufacture of fences vary considerably. You should choose, focusing on immediate needs and preferences regarding appearance. If you are staying on the material that require additional décor, consider decorating options climbing plants, wood carving, metal forging. Sometimes even regular exterior paint can totally transform the fence. Try!
