The contents
Furnace has always been quite comfortable and practical item of private house. They are not only perfectly warm the whole building, but also allow you to cook food without the use of third-party equipment. Among the most popular ovens oven-Swedish. Its popularity is due to one caveat — it can be easily done by hand. This will be discussed further.
The advantages of kiln-Swede ↑
This version of the furnace has a high incidence. This is due to its advantages relative to other options for the home. One of the main features of such a furnace is a combined structure — possibility of use for heating buildings and for cooking. This functionality is determined at design time, allowing you to focus on cooking or heating.
In addition, due to the complex design there is a possibility of installation of additional elements of the furnace. It is possible to diversify a niche for food storage, an oven or an open fireplace.
If desired, the design can be complemented by many other elements, including places to stay and such.
Among the other advantages of this variant note:
- Functionality;
- High heating capacity;
- Simplicity of masonry;
- The simplicity of design.
Therefore, it is often erected in private homes, creating a variety of ovens with advanced features.
Materials for furnaces ↑
To construct such a stove is easy. However, first we need to select appropriate materials. It is important to choose a good brick, which will not be afraid of structural failure due to high temperatures.
For works is to take two bricks:
- Clinker;
- The lime for the burners.
Clinker brick should take about 800 pieces, silicate — 150. But it depends only on the size of future furnace that is selected individually. Not taken into account the consumption of bricks on the chimney. In addition, for the work you need to take and some other items:
- Steel angles and strips;
- Grate;
- The doors to the chambers, blower and other things;
- Oven;
- The valve;
- Grid;
- Steel wire;
- Hob.
It is also worth to take the materials for a solution. To protect certain components of the furnace it is recommended to use asbestos sheet and cord. They will protect metal parts from burning out and protect the surrounding objects from fire.
The Foundation of kiln ↑
The Foundation is an important moment in the construction of any furnace. It is recommended to build more on the basis of the construction of the building, pre-calculate the location of the Swede. If such works were not carried out, it is necessary to carry out preparatory work to ready the building.
The main objective in the construction of the Foundation under the stove to separate it from the rest of the building. Remember that temperatures can affect shrinkage, leading to deformation of the masonry. This significantly reduce the lifetime of the building.
Foundation the furnace is erected in several stages:
- Is markings on the ground or on the floor of the building.
- The markup is digging a hole.
- Next, the bottom is compacted and covered with sand. The thickness of the sand bedding course — up to 20 centimeters.
- After ramming the sand to fill the gravel layer thickness is about 15 cm Again held compaction.
- After that is the formwork and waterproofing.
- Poured the first rough layer of concrete with thickness 15 cm.
- Inserted armature.
- Poured a thin layer of cement is placed reinforcing mesh.
- Then poured the second layer of concrete to the formwork.
This is a rather cumbersome process that takes about a month. The final result must be isolated by several layers of material to prevent moisture.
After these phases are complete you can proceed directly to the construction of the furnace itself-Swede.
Masonry ovens with his own hands ^ a
Masonry is the most important process that defines the functionality and reliability of the furnace. The overall design is Swede quite complicated, but it can be roughly understood in the following picture. Here is a furnace in section, which shows the main elements in the construction.
Before starting work it is recommended to put the oven dry, without using mortar. This will help to study the strange nuances and to avoid mistakes in the masonry with a solution. It is recommended to spread without solution of each subsequent row of the furnace, in order to correctly determine the layout of.
For further work there are clear diagrams that allow you to perform all the works correctly. It is determined by the location of the bricks in each row and the size of the passages and items.
Before laying the first of the six series it is recommended to make a layout on the floor to pinpoint the location of the first bricks. It will set the further trend of the construction, so the slightest miscalculation can lead to the fact that the chimney will move aside a few inches.
The first row is laid solid on the second set grille. The site, which will be located under the fireplace, laid out with the use of silica brick.
Further a field is distributed in 3 phases: the ash chamber, a place for the oven and the firebox of the fireplace. Also at this stage the doors are mounted to clean the ash and chimney formed channel. In the next stage, almost nothing changes is fixing the doors and channels.
Next, create a landing place for grill and oven stoves. These elements are mounted and fixed. Mounted over the door bars through the wire.
Following brickwork is virtually the same as the previous one but above the grate is mounted a metal strip — the support for the following series of furnaces. 9 a number of steel strips are installed above the stove, and cut the bricks, as seen in the picture below.
Next prepared place in oven mounted cooking stove and also the door to clean the fireplace. The following steps form an area for cooking, everything is stacked according to the pattern. Over the fireplace narrows the passage and the bricks are cut obliquely in the opposite direction, as shown in the diagram 11-12 series.
The following is the narrowing of passage above the fireplace furnace and the formation of the cooking region. Mantel creates a lip of bricks with a width of about 70 inches. Further mounted a metal strip and area above the cooking area and are closed with bricks. After that begins the stage of formation of the chimneys. Also installed the door for cleaning them. This can be seen on the 19 and 22 series.
24 the number of the mounted valve on the chimney of the fireplace channel. It allows you to regulate craving for the further use.
Next, set the second latch, the formation of the channels. The last door for cleaning mounts to 26 range, in which the flue gas pipes are connected with vertical channel of the fireplace. 25-27 rows of purple color indicates the areas where you need to cut the bricks to improve traction.
Then everything is closed by masonry, create a small ledge around the perimeter of the furnace-Swedish women. Next, set the last latch and begins the formation of the chimney. The next is to pipe laying, the construction of which depends on the location of the furnace, designated o and the height of the building.
That’s all the steps are completed. It is worth remembering that all the places that come into contact with high temperatures, laid silicate brick. After completion, it is recommended to carry out cosmetic work, removing the residual grout from the bricks. You can also cover some places finishing the brick or tile.
Enter the furnace in a job ↑
Before operating the stove to warm up. Do it better in the summer, that the design did not have any condensation. If all the work was done in the cold season that is necessary for drying use a heat gun.
After drying, you can enter the furnace to work. The first time is to burn the small wood chips or small wood. It is recommended not to put a lot of firewood, you need to use small lots.
Thereafter, the furnace can be put into operation. For a better understanding of its design it is recommended to watch this video. Here are described all the nuances of the construction of the furnace-Swedish:
