Buying a long-awaited piece of country land, do not rush to develop new areas. In order to costs was the least efficient, and the appearance of the plot of the original and noble, you need to prepare for practical action, making a detailed plan. Pre-marking phase includes the evaluation of land resources zoning, the choice of landscape style and drawing the detailed layout of the home, garden and other important facilities.
The contents
Proper assessment planning factors
Determining the location of the house, garden beds, flower beds and outbuildings, you need to first verify the accuracy of the demarcation. As a rule, the boundary often coincides with a fence and erect in the first place.
The removal of boundaries by coordinates
Accurately mark the boundaries of the territory or to recover lost data about their location will only geodetic research. The original layout of the land plot at the coordinates entered in the cadastral passport, so in the absence of data must make a request to the cadastral chamber. With the help of extracts with the exact coordinates of border experts point out specific points. Now these activities are carried out with the help of GPS devices or electronic total station, which guarantees high accuracy. Marking borders using various techniques of surveying, the simplest of which is small stakes with twine between them.
The correct development of the project and the preparation of detailed schemes will help to rationally arrange the structure, planting, communications in suburban areas and avoid rework
Clarifying boundaries will help in the future no problem to sell or donate land and to get rid of complaints of neighbors and the right to fix the fence.
Accounting for the natural characteristics
Before you begin planning, in addition to the size and shape of the site, it is important to pay attention to the following features:
- relief;
- groundwater;
- soil type;
- lighting;
- the wind rose.
From terrain – flat or hilly — depends on the choice of the location of the house and garden, types of communication, the definition of landscape style. If in the country there are ravines, ditches or natural water bodies, it is also necessary to note when designing your schema.
Soil structure affects the choice of plants for the area, as sandy, clay, loamy, humus soils develop not all vegetables, fruit trees or flowers.
One of the variants of the device of the suburban area in the regular style: flat terrain, the house is in the center, bordered with a Seating area surrounded by decorative green songs
With groundwater levels associated establishing drainage structures, wells or boreholes, as well as the choice of methods of removing stormwater. The groundwater level affects the yield of fruit trees.
The level of groundwater can be determined independently in the process of placement of wells or digging of a well by drilling and using the old intake point
The light conditions and the wind rose helps to set the cottage, to place the garden, how to choose plants.
The division of land into zones
In addition to the designation of the external borders of private property, there is an internal marking or backyard garden plot. Usually it is called zoning, because the whole area is divided into a few main areas:
- residential;
- to relax;
- gardening;
- service and economic.
Approximately 10-15% of the area allocated under building – cottage, summer kitchen, utility room, gazebo, garage, pool, etc. About 15% is given to internal communications (walkways, Parking, access paths) and landscaping (flowerbeds, rockeries, hedges). The lion’s share of about 70-75%, belongs to the garden and the garden (in different proportions).
Zoning of land occurs in any form: some of the mandatory areas (living, entry, rest), others may be missed (Parking, nursery, turf)
The fundamental object is a house, so it should start zoning. Outbuildings should be located near residential buildings and at the same time hiding from the eyes of, say, in a decorative Bush. The beds and the beds should be placed in the illuminated area, and the plants that love the shade, near the house or in the garden. Some fruit bushes (currants, raspberries, gooseberries), tolerate partial shade, so they can be planted along the fence or on the shady side of buildings. Area depends on the preferences of the owners house: this can be the area around the pool, cozy semi-open gazebo or extended children’s Playground. The main zoning is to follow the principles of rationalism and practicality.
The choice of planning style landscape
From the chosen style depends on the overall perception of the country territory. What will she look like? Maybe it’s a wild thicket with fruit and ornamental plants from hiding them inside a small cozy house. And maybe a beautiful stately Villa, surrounded by a scattering of flower beds and straight as arrows, paths. There is a simple division into 3 main styles, which will help to understand how to partition land.
The landscape of the nature
All elements of the landscape located on the principle of naturalness, which does not recognize the clear and straight lines, symmetry and shape accuracy. Garden trees located in a free manner, between them hovering a winding trail, sparkles the streamlet, clusters of flowers resemble bright forest lawn than organized flower beds. It looks natural and vividly.
The cleft of the ravine, irregular in outline almost natural reservoirs, unexpected hills – all should indicate that the main artist in this territory is not a man but nature itself. Even material paths should be as natural stone, pebbles, sand.
One of the original ideas of landscape design — a garden in Chinese style. Mandatory elements are pond, wooden bridges, water and terrestrial plants, planted in a random order
Regular – correct geometry
For the improvement of the area in a regular style ideal flat terrain. All objects are governed by the principles of geometry: the straight paths, flower beds rectangular, oval or round, shrub planted in straight rows or symmetrical compositions. Water bodies, like courts, also have clear boundaries and some form. Often small design elements are arranged along the conventional axes or around a given center.
An example of using the regular style cottage surrounded by plant decoration. The Central location of the building, symmetrically planted flower beds and trees — signs of the English style
Mixed – reasonable chaos
Mixed style is the most popular among gardeners, as it gives more options for device development and beautification. Some items (beds, garden trees) are arranged in a certain order, and others (paths, beds, buildings) – chaotic. The result is a cozy, neat, lively suburban area to work in the garden or for a Sunday rest.
A fine example of the mixed style in the section of l-shaped. House and a bath are located asymmetrically, some plants planted in a chaotic manner, and the other in neat rows
Rules of the mapping the territory
Having examined in detail how best to mark the borders, it is possible to start drawing up a scheme. For convenience, you can use a large sheet of squared paper or graph paper where each square meter is 1 square centimeter, that is, the scale is 1:100. Large objects – a house, bath, beds, greenhouses, flower beds, pool, garage, fruit trees – you can cut out of colored paper and move them freely on the working field. Sometimes during these experiments there are new and interesting ideas.
Special attention in the planning areas require non-standard, elongated shape. To give them a more picturesque appearance, use optical barriers and dividers in the form of flower beds, ponds, mixed compositions
Positioning elements in the center or the edges of the site, it is necessary to remember about health and fire regulations, as well as terrain features. There is such a thing as dendroplan — it does not hurt.
The scheme of the minimum distances from the country objects to the border of the adjacent plot that must be followed during the construction or landscaping
Simplify the future operation and location of electrical, sewer and water utilities, including underground. Self-compiled map can be presented to a licensed organization for drafting a new official plan that is consistent in state institutions, and to use in working with designers, builders, architects.
