The contents
The architectural forms of the modern construction of a private house endlessly varied. In the last few decades in Russia unchanged popular homes in several floors. Required attribute these houses are inter-floor stairs. If in Soviet times, this design played a very functional role, but now she stands prominent, and sometimes the main element of the design of the whole house.
Such inter-floor stairs in a private house, as in the photo below, almost went down in history and remain only in long-built homes.
The main drawback of this project is not so much the appearance as the high level of danger in its use. The fast paced development of the construction industry, allows you to choose a cheap and safe options interfloor staircases for private houses.
The types of inter-floor stairs ↑
Inside the private homes can be used the following types of inter-floor stairs:
- modular;
- screw;
- marching;
- combined;
- direct;
- curved;
- T – or U-shaped;
- compact.
The types of structures ↑
The division of interfloor stairs and by type of construction.
- boltsevye;
- on the stringers;
- attic;
- on the bowstring;
- casing for.
The choice of the ladder, like its design and the materials from which it is made, must be in the design stage of the building. Even giving preference to the ready inter-floor stairs, you must decide what functions, in addition to the core, it will run. Besides, not last role in the selection of has and the size of the room where it is installed. For example, marching, takes a lot of space, so should be located in the bulk room, which often automatically leads to its primary design element.
This requires a more responsible approach to the choice how the appearance of the ladder and method of installation – whether it is mounted or by external professionals will be made and installed independently.
Improvised stairs ↑
Professionals engaged in the manufacture and installation of staircases in private homes, are inattentive to detail and leave little imperfections. Therefore, we can consider how to make interfloor ladder with their hands. In the absence of experience in the production of such structures should not be considered intricate options, such as spiral staircases. The easiest will be making it out of wood. In this case, possible errors and defects can be easily and without incurring significant costs to correct. In addition, the tree allows to choose any desired color and is light.
Regardless of experience, to start making designs with the project and calculations. The main emphasis in the design are made for the safety and comfort of use. Among the many factors that should first be considered:
- room size and height;
- maximum load;
- operation comfort.
Another important point of the project should be safety. Modern requirements in this area include the presence of interfloor constructions handrails and balusters, and the latter should be located so that between them held the baby’s head. Some individual projects of ladders offered for parents of young children to close the fence with a mesh or plexiglass.
Designing stairs – the most important stage in its production, allowing to foresee all possible difficulties to avoid mistakes and unnecessary spending of effort, time and money.
The choice of materials ↑
For wooden backboard design is perfect planed hardwood or softwood. When purchasing materials you should pay attention to:
- the dryness of the material – the wood must be dry;
- the color of wood – stain should not be;
- at least large knots – the optimum diameter of 10 mm;
- no flaws – chips and scuffs are unacceptable.
The choice of material will influence the parameters of the stair. Be sure to consider the height and width of the stairs. The ideal height is about 20 inches, a width of about 30 centimeters.
The project in numbers ↑
One of the main points in the manufacture of floor stairs with his hands is a calculation. Still in the design phase creates a design drawing. Calculation of interfloor wooden stairs is the application of all the data on the existing pattern. The first thing you need to make the measurements. In the manufacture of stairs first measured the height of the room, then the length of the area where it will be installed. Calculated number of steps. The length at the floor is divided by the width of the steps. The total width of the staircase should be calculated based on the size of the premises and the personal desires of the owners of the house.
The next stage is the definition of the project size. It is necessary to choose the size and height of handrails and balusters if they are provided by the project. After that, in the calculation of inter-floor stairs should include data on reliability and durability of the floor and ceilings in areas where product will be installed.
The production process ↑
After settling and strengthening the places where there is a ladder, you can proceed to fabrication, of which it is composed. Considering the production on the example of the stairs, the first thing you need to do the stringers – the details that will set the stage.
Fabrication steps provides a thorough grinding of these elements. This procedure is necessary for safe operation of the stair, and for its appearance. The railing and balusters is easiest to buy a ready-made, their selection is very rich. Will not be difficult to make them yourself using special tool, if available.
Next comes the moment of direct mounting the stairs. First, establish the reference column. Then put the beams on which should be marked the position of the steps. You can then proceed to the fastener stringers. Procured design is recommended to handle the grinding tools to prepare for installation steps.
Before you start overhaul to consolidate the elements of the treads on the stringers, you need to make the fitting and eliminate the existing shortcomings. After this, the design is completely assembled. In order to stage not shifted during the fixture, they need to fix with PVA glue or any other designed for wooden products. To learn more, as the interfloor staircase is made by hand, you can watch this video:
When the main frame ladder ready, installed security elements. First, install the balusters. In accordance with the requirements of the need to put two balusters per stair, if you have children. In other cases one will be enough to maintain the railing. Further mounted handrails themselves. The final fastening of the railing is on the outer uprights of the ladder.
After that the complete staircase is processed with sandpaper and finally polished.
The decor of the stairs ↑
When ready stairs fixed, fully mounted and polished, it is recommended to treat the design of decorative materials. First of all you need to cover all available surfaces with a special stain that protects wood from the damaging effects of the environment. After prolonged drying, the ladder can be covered with several layers of lacquer. Completed decorative treatment layer of special wax layer which will keep the novelty and color as long as possible. If the design of the entire room involves painting the stairs in a specific color, then a coat of wax should be applied only after complete drying.
At the end of the decorative treatment, the design is ready for use and intended use.
Selecting an independent manufacturer interfloor wooden stairs, you need to be attentive to detail, carefully plan in advance all stages of manufacturing and to take responsibility for all stages of production. Qualitatively, the stairs will be the pride of those who manufactured and will last for many years all households.
