The contents
Most people agree that in a private house, a large proportion of heat loss occurs through the roof. Quite often the rising warm air passes through the roof because of lack of the quality of insulation. But after timely insulation attic you can eliminate such troubles, and to relieve yourself from the inflow of cold air from the ceiling in the winter time.
Earlier about the insulation of the attic space in the home, usually not much to worry. And it’s not even that in former times the building was conducted efficiently, on the contrary, such houses are many decades. In addition, they were always warm, because it mostly relied on natural insulation – air and it was one that accumulated between floors, attic and roof slopes.
Construction of pitched roofs provided the detention in winter the snow layer, which in a natural way closed slit, through which cold air could gain access to the premises. Because the roof slopes from the inside is not winterized, it did not cause the melting of the snow layer, and thermoregulation in the room were carried out through the attic Windows. This method is still relevant in the modern construction.
The device attic floor cold attic ↑
Temperature and humid conditions into a cold attic should be figure 4?C above the average outside air temperature. That is really the room into a cold attic is unheated.
Design cold attic provides the air output from the air ducts directly into the atmosphere. To reduce the number of intersections of the roof sections with rolled insulation, take the Union of the sections of the channels through ventilation ducts. Such a device natural ventilation provides an excellent opportunity to support inside the attic optimum humidity and temperature. In such conditions, eliminates condensation and frost on the inner planes of the roof.
Violation of humid-temperature regime leads to significant wetting of the structures and insulation, and, consequently, to the loss of insulating and strength qualities, disruption of the supporting structure of the roof, until its collapse.
Options insulation ↑
The roof with a cold attic space, in contrast to the warm attic, allowed for arrangement in residential buildings of any height. The insulation in this case is made by garret overlapping, and its thickness is determined in accordance with the climatic conditions in which the building is erected.
Thermal insulation of attic floor operates in two ways in principle:
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rolling the ceiling, in which the material is laid on top;
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suspended ceiling – insulation suit when on the inner plane;
In the first variant of the insulation, usually made of slabs of mineral wool stacked in two rows and covered with a special protective layer of cement-bonded boards. This option in the device insulation of the attic floor has certain advantages:
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the insulation does not absorb moisture;
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freedom of movement on the surface of the insulating material;
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the top layer can be impregnated with antiseptics;
A variety of insulating material ↑
If you decide to pereobuchitj attic for housing, you need to make it first warm. Used as insulation on the ceiling was laid straw, hay, sawdust, and later began to use a roofing material, slags, concrete block, and glass wool.
Now for warming of private houses are using more modern materials, has a number of characteristics, among which are quite highly regarded:
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low weight, thanks wooden attic floor not experiencing any additional stress;
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fire safety;
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the simplicity and ease of installation;
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environmentally friendly;
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a high degree of heat insulation and protection from moisture.
The most popular materials for insulation of garret overlappings are:
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mineral wool;
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polyurethane foam (PUF);
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polystyrene.
It should be noted that these materials, however, like everyone else, have both advantages and disadvantages.
Insulation of attic floors mineral wool ↑
This type of insulation, as mineral wool allows the owners of private houses is to convert attic space into the living room. Mineral wool can be slag, glass, stone – depends on the source of raw materials.
Mineral wool is produced in rolls, slabs or granular mixture, which gives the opportunity to use this material for thermal insulation of walls to produce thermal insulation of attic floors, the soffits and roof. It can be used for insulation of furnaces, pipelines and many others, as able to withstand temperatures of over 1,000?C. mineral wool provides excellent sound insulation and are resistant to chemicals. The lifetime of the insulating material is of the order of 50 years. The main condition for long service life – avoid the seals, as a result, significantly reduced insulating qualities.
In wooden houses insulation of attic with mineral wool start with the device vapor barrier. Some types of mineral wool are peculiar water-repellent qualities, so that the insulation does not accumulate in the condensate and, accordingly, reduced heat-shielding characteristics. If mineral wool is provided in the foil covering, the vapor barrier is not needed.
The disadvantage of such materials is that they contain formaldehyde and therefore, to use them requires the use of gloves and masks.
Polyurethane foam (PUF) ↑
This insulation consists of gas-filled plastics and is applied on almost any surface by spraying. Polyurethane foam is widely used in construction roofing thermal insulation, insulation of basements, walls, and also used as insulation for attic floors.
Method of seamless spray polyurethane foam gives you the opportunity to fill virtually all voids and gaps, preventing drafts and cold the slightest chance. This modern insulation technology allows you to increase almost three times the heat resistance, while reducing the cost of home heating. Foam shows a significant resistance to rotting and influence of aggressive media. Polyurethane foam gives the designs, but he sprayed extra stiffness. However, the most powerful argument in favor of the foam is 50-letni a lifetime.
Among the disadvantages of the material it is worth noting its high cost, which, however, pays off by saving funds spent on the coating, it is not necessary to perform a heat – insulating cake. Polyurethane foam, perfectly protects from the cold, loud noises, moisture and condensation.
Polystyrene ↑
Often this material is used to insulate the attic floor in a private house, also called Styrofoam, but technology and quality are completely different but they have common ingredients, namely polystyrene. The foam is fairly brittle material, while the polystyrene is much stronger in compression and rupture. Polystyrene is produced by extrusion, that is, the polymer at different stages of transformation – the pellets are melted and foamed, which subsequently greatly increases its insulating qualities.
To the living room, settling in the attic was warm enough, I try to use the qualities of inostrannyh slabs as excellent insulation. In addition, this material is characterized by low cost, low weight, environmental friendliness and simplicity of installation. Heat-insulating properties of polystyrene are retained even under the influence of moisture, since polystyrene is not hygroscopic.
The disadvantages, which has a thermal insulation of attic floor foam is attributed not good enough soundproofing, and poor resistance to solvents. Despite the fact that this material is exposed to fire, new kinds of non-flammable polystyrene, and have a high fire safety class. Currently, there are materials made of corrugated Board with expanded polystyrene insulation and through which there is a great opportunity to insulate the attic floor on wooden beams, and make the attic living room.
The use of loose-fill materials ↑
The simplest and the oldest method that was used for insulation of attic floors is the use of loose-fill materials. Such a method is relevant with attic wood floors, which is enough to fill the insulation space between all joists. The whole process of insulating the attic floor design in this case is not particularly complicated.
Initially, the entire surface of the floor plank Kraft paper sheets. However, you can use asphalt or loose cardboard, it is also possible the surface to lubricate the clay. Already arranged layer on top of dispersed heat-insulating material, which is to cover the planks to be able to walk freely on the floor. Hatch to the attic should be well insulated.
You can also watch the procedure of the attic floor you can see in the video:
