The contents
Veneer brick masonry is an integral stage of the construction process. When repair of the plastered walls, even in the absence of visible defects in the old layer should be removed. Over time it will begin to collapse and all efforts on the design space will be reduced to zero. Which plaster is best to handle a brick wall, how to prepare the solution and carry out the entire process with their hands, consider the details.
Varieties of plaster ↑
The main objective of the use of plaster for brick walls is in surface alignment. In addition, she successfully performs several functions:
- creates a protective barrier in contact with moisture on a brick wall;
- enhances heat and sound insulation properties of the surface;
- a decorative finish a brick wall.
Depending on the purpose, manufacturers offer several types of plaster, including:
- Normal. It is used for the base interior space, with the subsequent painting or wallpapering.
- Special formulations of plaster better structure because of the additional give the wall heat and sound insulating properties, moisture resistance of the surface is also improved.
- Decorative plaster is often used for outdoor decoration. Brick wall after application may acquire a colored, textured or relief surface.
To efficiently plastered with his own hands a brick wall, you must correctly pick the solution which consists of a binder element and sand. The function of the binder often serves cement, if necessary, can apply gypsum, lime or clay. The composition of the plaster depends on the future operating conditions of masonry, whether it’s an internal partition or external wall, the furnace in the bath or other purpose.
Tools ↑
Organization of the repair process with your own hands assumes that all of the necessary tools and materials. For work with plaster you will need:
Plaster spatula is designed for dosing, mixing and leveling of the applied solution.
- Bucket 1 litre.
- Plastering trowel, poluterok and grater.
- The rule for alignment solution on beacons with their hands.
- Scoop, «Falcon», plaster trowel and equalizer corner.
- Construction level, plumb, scraper.
The preparatory stage ↑
Sometimes, to shorten the period of repairs, surface preparation for plaster with their hands held in one fell swoop. The opinion that the preliminary steps involve only the removal of dirt and fasteners, wrongly. The sequence of actions before starting of wall plaster is as follows:
To remove the old layer, if any, to eliminate protruding rebar, clean the wall surface from dust.
- The external examination. All gaps between adjacent walls and ceiling to remove. Any crack not only reduces the insulation of the building, but also contributes to the formation of condensation. The penetration of insects in these grooves is also possible.
- Before you start to Prime, it is better to treat a brick wall with antiseptic. Foundation walls made of different bricks, different porosity, therefore, the preliminary sanitation is needed to prevent the growth of mold.
- Walls to plaster with their hands necessarily need to be primed. First, it prevents «stretching» from the solution of moisture, and secondly, increases the adhesion of the plaster to the brick. If you need to Prime the wall made of porous bricks, it is better to use a composition on a mineral basis, which is characterized by deep penetration. If necessary, it is applied a second layer.
- If the surface of the brick wall is uneven, it is better to make plaster reinforcement. Mesh fixed to the metal hooks that «recessed» in the joints between brickwork.
For qualitative adhesion layers of plaster to a wall the joints between the brickwork it is better to deepen.
Preparation of the solution ↑
For plaster brick walls with their hands mainly used two types of mortar: cement or gypsum, which have certain differences. Gypsum composition to harden faster, so cook it in small portions. Mortar based on cement is allowed to direct in large volumes. Full drying of the plaster is based on gypsum occurs within 5-6 days. When working with cement composition process takes 4 weeks.
To hold their hands plastering of brick walls in two ways: beacons and without them. Regardless of the method, the preparation of mortar for plastering does not have distinction. The same components of the composition are taken in different proportions, depending on the stage of the development process – whether it is starting or finishing. Thus, the preparation of mortar for plastering the walls with their hands involves the following steps:
- The sand you need to sift, it will help to clean it from debris and coarse fraction.
- Cement is mixed with sand to a homogeneous mass, an approximate ratio of 1:3, but it is better to stick to the recommendations specified on the packaging manufacturer.
- Gradually mix small portions of added water, the solution was regularly stirred. ?It is important! Proportions is a necessary condition for obtaining the qualitative composition of the plaster. Otherwise, the adhesion of plaster to the brick wall will deteriorate.
- Rapid mixing will provide a drill equipped with a special attachment. Speed is better to choose 800 rpm, if you increase the recommended indicators there is a risk of delamination of the composition of the plaster on the faction. Before starting work it is necessary to leave the solution for 5 minutes.
To increase the plasticity and adhesion of mortar for plaster will help the introduction of additional components, their roles are:
- dispersion PVA;
- plasticizer;
- latex.
Over the next half hour composition for plastering the brick walls should be used, otherwise it will lose its properties. If the solution thickens, you can add more water in small amounts. After the allotted time the mixture starts to crumble. Some consistency needs to be a solution, you can watch the following video:
The technological process ↑
Finishing brick walls with plaster is carried out in several stages. Initially a liquid solution is the spray masonry surfaces. The thickness of the lower layer, which is applied by throwing, not exceeding 5 mm Before the scratch coat, the wall needs to be wetted, or when handling dry basis moisture from the mixture quickly absorbed, so that the plaster will lose strength. Thanks to the penetration into the pores, and uneven brick walls, rough coating ensures a good grip.
In the second stage, the surface must be primed. Unlike the previous procedure with a liquid solution, and primed the walls requires mixture with a thick consistency. This layer is the core in the whole process of plaster brick surfaces. In addition to the formation thickness, it further lines the wall. Before you begin to Prime the wall surface needs to be moisturized. You’ll need poluterok or trowel. Cement composition should be on the edge of the tool to ground you need by grinding solution movements from the bottom up.
Alignment procedure is carried out using the trowel or float. The direction of movement does not matter, the main thing is to smooth the surface of the brick wall. When Prime is finished, move on to the final stage of the plaster brick surfaces, the so-called nakryvki. A layer of finishing coating is 2 mm. According to tradition, before applying the plaster, the wall is moistened with a spray bottle or paint brush. After a short process of absorption of water, go to the distribution topcoat.
A layer of finish coat has a protective function, preventing mechanical damage to the plaster on the brick wall. The composition is applied using a float or trowel, and then need to do the grout layer. This painting tool is pressed against the wall and rotates in a circular motion, the resulting traces are removed strokes in vertical and horizontal direction. For complete removal of all defects, the process of grout is better to spend twice.
When carrying out works in compliance with all recommendations, you will receive a brick wall, optimally prepared for further decorative with Wallpaper or paint.
The videos below will help to further explore the process of plaster walls.
