How to lay brick

Currently, the house of bricks are as popular as ever. Therefore, in the construction market, you will easily find experts who will help you to build a house. Many do just that – trust the professionals. But, complicated at first glance, the technology has been known for many years, and subject specific knowledge you will achieve excellent results independently.

Types of masonry ↑

Masonry is a durable and high-quality wall. Masonry walls of brick has aesthetic properties. Of different color bricks to create a variety of drawings. Naturally, the more complex the pattern, the harder it is to put the wall. Consider the main types of masonry:

1. Chain. The meaning of this type of masonry in alternating rows. The number is bonder and stretcher bond. Vertical seam stretcher bond series have to match.
2. Cross. This kind of laying is performed, vperevjazku stretcher bond with horizontal seams.
3. Dutch. Involves the alternation between a bonder and a mixed number. In this mixed number of stacked, alternating stretcher and header bricks.
4. Gothic. This bricks consists of mixed ranks.
5. English. In this view, laying bricks need ligation of two bricks. In her two alternate bonder and stretcher bond series.
6. Kolodtsevaja. This is the most economical and simplest form of masonry. Put a wall in her need on a particular technology: two walls half a brick, and then connect them with a bridge (vertical or horizontal).

The right bricklaying ↑

Novice masons, at its first laying, difficult usually in two cases:

• how to lay brick in a straight line on one level;
• how to display vertical angles.

In order to put the wall correctly, you need to observe some conditions:

1. The main condition is to put the first row bricks need most exactly. To do this, use a long profile, rail, cord or laser level. The bricks lay not close to the guide and at a distance of about 3 mm, so that the mortar did not hit her.
2. Horizontal masonry just checked the level.
3. Check that while laying the next bricks. Follow the horizontal and vertical planes.

The necessary equipment ↑

To lay bricks, you’ll need the following tools:

• the hammer-pick (for podesavanja products);
• trowel (to apply the solution, to adjust and align bricks);
• Bulgarian;
• plumb and level;
• ryadovka (for removing corners);
• protective eyewear;
• roulette;
• a container for mixing the solution.

Preparation of the solution ↑

If you decided to do the bricklaying with his own hands, to prepare a solution for it will not be difficult. It is on the principle of a conventional concrete mixture of sand, cement and water. You can add washing powder or clay. These supplements will provide flowability and plasticity.

To prepare a composition, mix the sand with cement, in the proportion of 5:1. The mixture is diluted with water to desired consistency.

If you are planning to put a brick with a partner, then it is advisable to rent a cement mixer. Of cement is better to use a 300 or 400.

Stacking corners ↑

When watching the professionals, you will note that before laying the wall, they remove the corners. Alternately displays the angles to a height of a little more mid-height of the wall. For smooth styling and height use a tight cord, not sagging in the process. Conducted periodic relining bricks-beacons.

Forming a rectangular rows, use the lining. It is a tool, at least it looks like a square, allowing you to make along the lines of stacking labels. The first 2-3 bricks can be placed using the rule, then placed and secured with staples the lining. The vertical is governed by the plumb Bob or laser level. Made on the lining label will help to hold the cord-prichalku.

Professionals do not find it necessary to use porjadovki, relying on their experience. But if you decide to use brick for the first time, do not try to do without this tool.

Implementation of the seams ↑

When multiple stacked multiple angles, between them stretched the cord. Further the Foundation is applied to the solution, and you can put a brick main walls. To be aware of all the nuances of the masonry, you need to know about the main types of masonry joints.

1. The raked joint. In this case, the solution is not squeezed out, but rather are slit to be used for plastering.
2. Convex. These seams decorative, shape them with a special tool or cut along the tube.
3. Concave. To obtain such a seam will need a stick or tube, to make it not difficult.
4. Smooth. Such joints completely filled with mortar and level the surface. They join masonry for fireplaces or chimneys that the soot does not accumulate on uneven.

Basic masonry ↑

After the corners are removed, you can begin laying the walls. The corners will be raised as walls. The cord stretched between the elevated corners, should not SAG. The Foundation is applied to the solution, and laid the first brick on the end of which the sprayed solution. The brick fits tightly to the corner. Same fit and subsequent bricks, constantly checking itself, level and plumb to avoid irregularities. The gap between rows should not exceed 3 mm.

For convenience, buy or rent the grinder, she cuts bricks, you only need to choose the right disks. If it is not possible to use this tool, to split the bricks you can pick.

To ensure that the bricks fit tightly to each other, the solution lies more, and each brick pristykovatsya trowel. When this happens and the alignment cord. Addressing excess solution is collected with a trowel. Be prepared for the fact that if you decide to lay brick for the first time, it is likely you will not succeed all at once correctly. Perhaps the first rows will have to shift. But after some training you will be able to do it faster and neater.

Strengthening of masonry ↑

Before you think about strengthening the wall, it is necessary to put in order the Foundation. So, if the base has cracks or breaks, and through the brickwork, over time, will be vertical cracks. It is necessary to repair the Foundation, and then to strengthen the wall. If the Foundation is in order, it is possible to strengthen the wall. To do this, use wire reinforcement and plaster. Thanks to these measures, you can be sure of the strength of your wall.

The necessary materials and tools for the strengthening of masonry:

• the wire-netting;
• the mortar for plastering (dry mixture or components for a selected composition);
• trowels;
• nails or dowels;
• wire.

Technology of building walls ↑

You first need to strengthen clean the wall from dust, dirt and stains. In the next step, you need to strip joints, to a depth of about 10 mm. Then they hammered nails or dowels so that hat they were performed at 20 mm above the wall surface. The distance between nails should be about 80-100 mm.

The selected mesh netting should be a cell of 70-80 mm. Place the grid on the wall, and well tie her to the nail heads with a wire. This should be done very carefully, tightly bind the mesh to each nail, this will depend on the strength of the subsequent plastering.

While strengthening the walls you can do without mesh-netting, using a wire cross section of 2 mm. This wire is wound between the nails, forming, thus, cells. To strengthen the corners should be given attention.

After the reinforcement, it is possible to apply plaster. The mix for it is made from cement and sand in proportion 1:3 or 1:4, and diluted with water to desired consistency. Sand acts as filler and cement as a binder component. The filler required to give the mortar strength and protect it from cracking. Before cooking, it is advisable to sift the mixture components through building a sieve, to avoid lumps, to choose which of ready mix uncomfortable. The use of makeup is permissible within hours, so don’t knead too much. Plaster needs to be put in this layer to hide all the nails and mesh.

For plastering using modern dry building mixes. They are produced with the additives of polymers, which makes the composition more plastic, sticky and durable. As such mixtures allow air to pass through and not get destroyed by moisture.

No less popular and cement-lime composition for plastering. It is moistureproof and is used for the ground part of the wall.

Conclusion ↑

If you choose to use brick, take the time to carefully calculate the number of rows you plan to fold, the number of bricks in them. Make yourself a plan and scheme of laying bricks, prepare the materials and tools. It is recommended first to try hand – laying bricks without mortar to exercise and not ruin it. When you have formed an idea, how to lay brick, we can safely apply the thinset and start laying.

Learn more about how to lay brick properly and make the seams perfect, we learn in the next video

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• Scheme for Bavarian masonry brick